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CONTENTS: Uttaratantra in the Land of Snows
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
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xi
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INTRODUCTION
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1
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General Remarks
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1
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Textual Historical Background
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5
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Part I.
Early Period:
Kadam Thinkers Rescue the Treatise
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CHAPTER 1
Rise of the Uttaratantra in Tibet: Early Kadam Scholars Revitalize the Newly Discovered Indian Exegesis
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13
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Introduction
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13
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Ngok and Chapa on the Pervasive Nature of the Buddha-Body
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15
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Ngok and Chapa on Definitive or Provisional Nature in the
Uttaratantra
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18
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Ngok and Chapa on the
Uttaratantra as a Last Wheel Treatise
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19
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Buddha-Element as a Conceived Object
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20
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Ngok and Chapa Differ on Emphasis
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21
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Conclusion
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24
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CHAPTER 2
Sowing Seeds for Future Debate: Dissenters and Adherents
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25
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Introduction
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25
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Sapen, the Dissenter
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26
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Rikrel, the Third Karmapa, and Sangpu Lodro Defend the
Uttaratantra
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29
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Rinchen Yeshe's Proto Other-Emptiness Presentation of the
Uttaratantra, and Buton's Reply
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34
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Conclusion
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38
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Part II.
The Pinnacle Period:
The Other-Emptiness Interpretation Spreads
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CHAPTER 3
Other-Emptiness Tradition: The Uttaratantra in Dolpopa's Works
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43
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Introduction
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Predominance of the Last Wheel Scriptures
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Is the
Uttaratantra a Cittamatra Text or a Madhyamaka Text?
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Classification of Cittamatra
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Classification of Madhyamaka
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Conclusion
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CHAPTER 4
The Uttaratantra in Fourteenth-Century Tibet
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55
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Introduction
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55
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Sazang Follows in His Master's Footsteps
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55
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Two Fourteenth-Century Kadam Masters'
Uttaratantra Commentaries
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59
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Longchenpa's View on the
Uttaratantra
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63
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Conclusion
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65
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Part III.
The Argumentation Period:
Self-Emptiness Proponents criticize Other-Emptiness Approach
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CHAPTER 5
Challenges to the Purely Definitive Nature of the Uttaratantra: Zhalu Thinkers Criticize Dolpopa
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69
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Introduction
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69
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Buton's
Ornament
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70
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Dratsepa's Commentary
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72
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Conclusion
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80
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CHAPTER 6
Challenges to the Supremacy of the Uttaratantra: Rendawa and Tsongkhapa on Tathagata-Essence Literature
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83
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Introduction
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83
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Rendawa on the
Uttaratantra and the Tathagata-Essence Literature
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83
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Tsongkhapa on the
Uttaratantra and the Tathagata-Essence Literature
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89
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Conclusion
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95
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CHAPTER 7
Gyeltsap's Commentary on the Uttaratantra: A Critique of Dolpopa's Interpretation of Tathagata-Essence Literature
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97
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Introduction
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97
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Middle Wheel and Last Wheel Teachings
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101
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Definitive Meaning and Provisional Meaning
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103
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Self-Emptiness and Other-Emptiness
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104
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Conclusion
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106
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CONCLUSION
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109
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General Remarks
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109
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Completing the Cycle
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112
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NOTES
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119
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
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181
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Tibetan Language Works Cited
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181
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English Language Works Cited
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186
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INDEX
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191
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