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Prologue by His Holiness the Dalai Lama
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xi
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Preface by Bhiksuni Thubten Chodron
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xv
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Abbreviations
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xxvii
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1.
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EXPLORING BUDDHISM
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3
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The Purpose of Existence and the Meaning of Life
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4
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A Middle Way between the Theistic Religions and Scientific Reductionism
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6
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Buddhadharma and Other Religions
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8
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Religion in the Modern World
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11
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A Broad Perspective
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13
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2.
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THE BUDDHIST VIEW OF LIFE
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17
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What Is Mind?
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17
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Body, Mind, Rebirth, and Self
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22
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The Four Truths of the
Aryas
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27
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Dependent Arising and Emptiness
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31
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Dependent Arising and the Three Jewels
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33
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The Possibility of Ending
Duhkha
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36
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3.
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MIND AND EMOTIONS
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39
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Buddhism, Science, and Emotions
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39
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Happiness and Unhappiness, Virtue and Nonvirtue
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42
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Emotions and
Klesas
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44
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Constructive and Destructive Emotions
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45
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Emotions and Survival
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52
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Working with Afflictions
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55
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Cultivating Love and Compassion
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61
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A Good State of Mind
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63
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Working with Fear, Developing Courage
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63
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Hope, Desire, and Acceptance
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65
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Comparing Ourselves with Others and Self-Worth
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66
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Counteracting Depression
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67
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Disagreement and Conflict
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68
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Survival of the Most Cooperative
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72
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4.
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THE SPREAD OF THE BUDDHADHARMA AND BUDDHIST CANONS
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75
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Vehicles and Paths
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76
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The Buddha's Life
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78
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Early Buddhist Schools
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79
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Early Buddhism in Sri Lanka
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82
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Growth of the Mahayana
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86
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The Development of Tantra
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89
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Buddhist Canons
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90
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Philosophical Systems
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97
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5.
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THE BUDDHA'S TEACHINGS FORM A COHESIVE WHOLE
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99
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Three Turnings of the Dharma Wheel
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99
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Authenticity of the Mahayana Scriptures
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104
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Nagarjuna on the Authenticity of the Mahayana
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109
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Is the Buddha's Word Always Spoken by the Buddha?
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112
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Four Authenticities
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114
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Four Buddha Bodies
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116
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Buddhism in Tibet
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119
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6.
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INVESTIGATING THE TEACHINGS
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125
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The Kalamas' Experience
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126
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Reliable Teachings
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127
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Treasure Teachings and Pure Vision Teachings
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131
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Exaggerated Statements?
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134
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Correctly Understanding the Point
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137
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Can the Dharma Change?
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141
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Being Practical
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143
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7.
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THE IMPORTANCE OF KINDNESS AND COMPASSION
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147
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A Peaceful Mind
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147
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The Importance of Motivation
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149
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Cultivating a Compassionate Intention
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152
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Mind Training
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155
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Eight Verses
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159
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8.
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A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH
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171
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Paths for Spiritual Development
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172
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The Four Truths and Three Levels of Practitioners
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178
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More Than One Approach
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178
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Teachings for a Contemporary Audience
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181
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Value of the Stages of the Path
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183
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Two Aims and Four Reliances
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185
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9.
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TOOLS FOR THE PATH
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191
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General Advice
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191
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Wisdom and Faith
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194
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Proper Practice
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198
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Purification and Collection of Merit
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199
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Prayers and Rituals
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201
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Study, Reflection, and Meditation
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204
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Memorization and Debate
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208
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Role Models
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213
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10.
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MAKING PROGRESS
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217
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Realistic Expectations
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217
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Advanced Practices at the Right Time
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222
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Checking Our Meditation Experiences
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224
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Signs of Progress
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227
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11.
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PERSONAL REFLECTIONS ON THE PATH
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231
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My Day
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231
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Gradual Progress
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233
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Cultivating Bodhicitta
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236
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Willingness to Undergo Hardship
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240
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Keeping a Happy Mind
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241
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Realized Beings
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242
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What I Have Learned in Life
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244
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12.
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WORKING IN THE WORLD
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247
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Good Health and Dealing with Illness and Injury
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248
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Maintaining a Positive Attitude
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250
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Using Diverse Methods to Benefit Others
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252
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Engaged Buddhism and Political Involvement
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254
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Consumerism and the Environment
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258
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The World of Business and Finance
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260
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Media and the Arts
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263
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Science
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265
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Gender Equality
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267
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Interfaith
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271
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Incorporating Practices from Other Religions
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274
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A Nonsectarian Approach
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275
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Notes
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279
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Glossary
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285
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Further Reading
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295
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Index
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297
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About the Authors
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325
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